Chapter 2 — The Linux File System — Solutions

do the assignment first. reading the answer is not the same as doing it, and u will feel like u learned it when u didn’t.

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# 1
cd /
ls
 
# 2
cat /etc/hostname
 
# 3
ls /home
 
# 4
ls /var/log
 
# 5
ls /usr/bin | grep -E "^chmod$"
# or the short way, which we learn properly in chapter 7 :
which chmod
 
# 6
cat /proc/uptime

output of 1:

bin   boot  dev  etc   home  lib  lib64  lost+found  mnt
opt   proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys    tmp         usr  var

urs will not be exactly the same as mine and that does not matter. i have lib64 and lost+found because of how my disk is set up, and i have no /media because arch puts usb sticks in /run/media instead.

output of 5:

chmod

and with which instead, u get the full path:

/usr/bin/chmod

• look at the difference between those two. ls | grep searched the list of names in that one folder, so it gives u back a name. which searched the whole PATH for u, so it gives u back a path. same answer, two different questions.

output of 6:

183422.51 1467893.22

the first number is how many seconds ur machine has been on. the second one is how many seconds the cpu cores spent doing nothing, added together.

• in step 3, if u see only one folder that is normal, most people have one user on their own machine.
• in step 6, remember that this file is not on ur disk. the kernel makes it up the moment u read it, so the number is different every single time u run the command. try it twice.

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